Bacopa caroliniana

Description

Bacopa caroliniana, native to the southeastern United States, grows in marshes and can thrive both submerged and emersed. The species has various forms, including a smaller-leaved variety and variegated form, which is similar to the standard form. This plant emits a lemon scent when leaves are crushed. Its ovate leaves fully enclose the stem. Bacopa caroliniana grows slowly but requires bright light, at least 0.5 watts per liter. Fertilization with micro and macronutrients can promote growth, although this is not essential. The plant's coloration changes depending on lighting and nutrient levels: it turns bronze to brownish under intense light and low nitrate levels, and slightly pink when phosphate levels are low. This species can be kept emersed in temperate climates during warm seasons, where it grows rapidly with a creeping habit, hairy stalk, and purple flowers. Propagation is easy via cuttings from top or lateral shoots, or by replanting stem bases that produce runners. When planted in terracing groups in the middle or foreground of an aquarium, Bacopa caroliniana adds visual interest and provides resting points for other plants to grow.