Echinodorus uruguayensis

Description

Echinodorus uruguayensis is a variable species with many forms, cultivated in the hobby for years under various synonyms and trade names. This plant has numerous forms that differ mainly in leaf length, width, and color, which range from medium to dark green, red, or black. The leaves of larger varieties can grow up to one meter in length. All forms have oblong-lanceolate to band-shaped, slightly transparent, flexible but robust submersed leaves with an obtuse tip. They require a nutrient-rich substrate and medium light for fast growth. This plant originates from the southeast of South America, typically found in cool rivers and rivulets with strong currents and acidic water. In nature, it grows submersed and forms large populations, covering the ground with rhizomes. It requires slightly acidic water, CO2 fertilization, and temperatures between 18-24°C for optimal growth. Water hardness is not crucial, but reddish and blackish forms require iron-rich micronutrients to maintain their colors. Echinodorus uruguayensis can be grown emersed, with lower rosettes and fewer flower stalks than the submersed form. Flower stalk formation can be stimulated by gradually shortening lighting periods. This plant reproduces through adventitious plants on flower stalks and lateral shoots on rhizomes, which can be cut off and replanted to develop into robust plants within a few months. It is suitable for aquariums with a volume of 300 liters or more, and it grows well as a solitary or main plant, contrasting with reddish or bushy plants.